ANALOGICAL REASONING PROCESS OF PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS TO PRODUCE NON-ANALOG PROBLEMS

Mohammad Faizal Amir(1), Purwanto Purwanto(2), Sudirman Sudirman(3*), Swasono Rahardjo(4),

(1) Mahasiswa program doktoral Universitas Negeri Malang
(2) Universitas Negeri Malang
(3) Universitas Negeri Malang
(4) Universitas Negeri Malang
(*) Corresponding Author


Abstract


Prospective teachers often have difficulty in posing problems. This indicates unsuccessful analogical reasoning, so prospective teachers produce non-analog problems. Therefore, a study is needed to trace the process of unsuccessful analogical reasoning of prospective teachers so that they can produce non-analog problems. The research aims to describe the analogical reasoning process of prospective teachers that causes prospective teachers to produce non-analog problems. The research method used a case study with a qualitative approach. The participating research subjects were prospective teachers from one of the universities in Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia. The research subjects are prospective teachers who are asked to generate analog problems but produce non-analog problems. The research instruments included analog problem posing tasks and interviews. The analogical reasoning process of prospective teachers can be traced through process components or activities in terms of retrieval, structuring, representation, mapping, application, and verification. Prospective teachers generate non-analog problems, starting with inappropriate activities in object retrieval and source problem solving. The structuring and representation of analog source objects were not successfully done by prospective teachers, resulting in non-analog problems. This impacted the next activities, namely mapping, application, and verification which were unsuccessful in producing solutions to analog target problems.

Calon guru seringkali mengalami kesulitan dalam mengajukan masalah. Hal ini menunjukkan penalaran analogi yang tidak berhasil, sehingga calon guru menghasilkan masalah non-analog. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan suatu penelitian untuk menelusuri proses ketidakberhasilan penalaran analogi calon guru sehingga dapat menghasilkan masalah non-analog. Tujuan peneltian adalah untuk mendeskripsikan proses penalaran analogi calon guru yang menjadi sebab calon guru menghasilkan masalah non-analog. Metode penelitian menggunakan studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian yang berpartisipasi merupakan calon guru dari salah satu Perguruan Tinggi di Sidoarjo, Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Dalam hal ini, subjek penelitian adalah calon guru yang diminta untuk menghasilkan masalah analog namun menghasilkan masalah non-analog. Instrumen penelitian meliputi tugas pengajuan masalah analog dan wawancara. Proses penalaran analogi calon guru dapat ditelusuri melalui komponen proses atau aktivitas dalam hal pemanggilan, penataan, representasi, pemetaan, penerapan, dan pemeriksaan. Calon guru menghasilkan masalah non-analog diawali dengan aktivitas tidak tepat pada pemanggilan objek-objek dan penyelesaian masalah sumber. Penataan dan representasi objek-objek sumber yang analog tidak berhasil dilakukan calon guru, sehingga menghasilkan masalah non-analog. Hal ini berdampak pada aktivitas berikutnya, yaitu pemetaan, penerapan, dan pemeriksaan yang tidak berhasil untuk menghasilkan solusi dari masalah target yang bersifat analog.  


Keywords


analogy; non-analog problems; problem posing

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24127/ajpm.v13i1.9112

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