PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL MATEMATIKA DENGAN PENDEKATAN STEM UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN SELF EFFICACY SISWA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24127/ajpm.v15i2.15739Keywords:
kemampuan berpikir kritis, self efficacy, STEM, critical thinking skillsAbstract
Keterbatasan ketersediaan e-modul matematika berbasis STEM bagi siswa SMK teknik otomotif menghambat implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan e-modul matematika dengan pendekatan STEM pada materi vektor yang dikontekstualisasikan dengan mekanika sepeda motor. Tahapan pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model ADDIE yang meliputi lima tahap, yaitu analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Penelitian ini melibatkan 60 siswa kelas XI Teknik Sepeda Motor (TSM) di SMK Arya Singasari Brebes sebagai subjek penelitian, yang terbagi menjadi dua kelompok masing-masing 30 siswa, yakni kelompok eksperimen yang memanfaatkan e-modul berpendekatan STEM dan kelompok kontrol yang menggunakan media pembelajaran konvensional, dalam desain posttest only control group. Instrumen penelitian meliputi lembar validasi, angket kepraktisan, angket self efficacy, tes kemampuan berpikir kritis, lembar observasi, dan pedoman wawancara. Instrumen divalidasi secara isi melalui expert judgment dan dinyatakan reliabel berdasarkan uji Alpha Cronbach sebesar 0,766 untuk tes berpikir kritis dan 0,801 untuk angket self efficacy, sehingga keduanya dinyatakan reliabel. Hasil uji kelayakan dinilai sangat layak oleh ahli bidang studi dan media, serta sangat praktis oleh pengguna yaitu siswa. Hasil uji-t menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis dan self efficacy kelompok eksperimen secara signifikan lebih tinggi daripada kelompok kontrol, dengan korelasi positif antara kedua variabel tersebut (r = 0,695; p < 0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa e-modul matematika dengan pendekatan STEM layak, praktis, dan efektif dalam mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan self efficacy siswa SMK, serta berpotensi menjadi alternatif bahan ajar yang relevan untuk pembelajaran matematika kontekstual di SMK kejuruan otomotif.
The limited availability of STEM-based mathematics e-modules for automotive vocational high school students has hindered the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. This study aims to develop a mathematics e-module using a STEM approach on vector material contextualized within motorcycle mechanics. The development stages employed the ADDIE model, comprising five phases: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. This study involved 60 Grade XI Motorcycle Engineering (TSM) students at SMK Arya Singasari Brebes as research subjects, divided into two groups of 30 students each, namely an experimental group utilizing the STEM-based e-module and a control group using conventional learning media, in a posttest only control group design. The research instruments included validation sheets, practicality questionnaires, self efficacy questionnaires, critical thinking ability tests, observation sheets, and interview guides. Instruments were validated through expert judgment and deemed reliable based on Cronbach's Alpha coefficients of 0.766 (critical thinking test) and 0.801 (self-efficacy questionnaire). Validity test results was rated as highly valid by subject matter and media experts, and highly practical by users, namely students. The t-test results indicated that the critical thinking ability and self efficacy of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group, with a positive correlation between the two variables (r = 0.695; p < 0.05). It is concluded that the mathematics e-module with a STEM approach is valid, practical, and effective in developing critical thinking skills and self-efficacy of vocational students, and has the potential to serve as a relevant alternative teaching material for contextual mathematics learning in automotive vocational schools.
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