Penerapan Prompts dan Reinforcement untuk Meningkatkan Frekuensi Kontak Mata pada Anak dengan Autisme

Abstract

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have deficits in the ability to interact and communicate socially. The deficit in communication skills is also seen in the lack of eye contact displayed by ASD children. Eye contact plays a vital role in child development, such as responding to interactions, following instructions, and acquiring vocabulary and educational understanding. This intervention aims to increase the frequency of eye contact in a 4-year-old boy (N = 1) with mild ASD and language impairment. Researchers used prompts and reinforcement techniques, considered adequate for improving social skills in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Researchers use designs A (Baseline) and B (Intervention). The results showed an increase in the frequency of eye contact with the subject from 0-2 times to 10 times in one session consisting of 10 times calling the child's name. Furthermore, this intervention also found an increase in children's eye contact when carried out by parents at home.