DEVELOPING ENGLISH LEARNING MATERIAL FOR SPEAKING SKILL BASED ON ADDIE By

The main objective of the research is to develop speaking English materials based on ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation). This Research was conducted at SMP N 5 Metro, which is located at Rejomulyo 26 B/RT.22 RW VI, South Metro. The type of research that was conducted by the researcher is developmental research. The research is not mean to generate a theory or verify one. It attempts to develop English learning material for speaking skill for ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation) at first semester of seventh grade. In this research, the researcher uses Design Instructional model as the research design. It aims to develop English learning material for speaking skill. The result of developing vocabulary material is in the form of multimedia power point presentation. The researcher has passed some steps in developing the English vocabulary material; Need Analysis, Design, Development, Expert Validation, Try Out, Revision, and Final Product. It could be as a proof that this material could be applied to the seventh grade students. In revision, the researcher still had to revise the product to be easier also smaller bytes so that this product could be used for the seventh grade students of SMP N 5 Metro. After having revision, the final product has been ready to be applied. In conclusion, learning material for speaking skill based on ADDIE could be applied to the seventh grade students.


INTRODUCTION
Speaking is important skill and one of the key to communicate other people. We can share some ideas or can be able to know the situation happened in this world. By mastering speaking, the student can share their ideas and give some important information.
Speaking is the second skill after listening and thus there are some aspects when the researcher wants to measure students' speaking ability such as fluency, grammatically, pronunciation, and vocabulary.
Improving speaking skill can be achieved by many techniques. For this reason, there are many instructional design models that are offered. One of them is a model of instructional design by ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation). This source of learning is believed to be very important in the smooth running of teaching and learning system so that learning objectives can be achieved well. Hence, many things are included to support the success of teaching and learning in the classroom.

Speaking
Speaking is an interactive process of constructing meaning that involves producing and receiving and processing information (Brown, 2001). Its form and meaning are dependent on the context in which it occurs, including the participants themselves, the physical environment, and the purposes for speaking.
It is often spontaneous, open-ended, and evolving. However, speech is not always unpredictable. Language functions (or patterns) that tend to recur in certain discourse situations (e.g., declining an invitation or requesting time off from work), can be identified and charted (Burns &Joyce, 1997).

Speaking Skill
According to Brown (2001) speaking is an interactive process of constructing meaning that involves producing and receiving and processing information. Speaking involves some components language (spelling, pronunciation, vocabulary, and punctuation).
The purpose is to talk requires training and practice speaking it themselves and have basic skills. As one of the four basic skills of language, speaking is very important because it is one clarification.

Material
Broadly speaking, it can be argued that the learning materials (instructional materials) are the knowledge, skills, and attitudes that must be mastered learners in order to meet the standards of competence specified. Learning materials occupies very important position of the whole curriculum, which should prepared in order to achieve the implementation of learning objectives.

Effective learning material
Hutchinson and Waters (1987, p.107) explain that good materials will contain interesting texts, enjoyable activities that engage the learners' thinking capacities, opportunities for learners to use their existing knowledge and skills. They also state that good materials should provide a clear and coherent unit structure, which will guide teachers and learners through various activities in such a way as to maximize the chance of learning.

ADDIE Design
ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implement, evaluate) is a model of the ISD family (Instructional System Design). It includes such models as the Dick & Carey in (Aldoobie, 2015) or Peterson, C. (2003). While the concept of ISD has been around since the early 1950s, ADDIE first appeared in 1975. It was created by the Center for Educational Technology at Florida State University for the U.S. Army and then quickly adapted by all the U.S.

Cooperative Learning Teaching
According to Kagan (1994) and Millis, B.J., and Cottell, P,G.,Jr. (1998), cooperative learning is a successful teaching strategy in which small teams, each with students of different levels of ability, use a variety of learning activities to improve their understanding of a subject. Each team member is responsible not only for learning what is taught but also for helping colleagues learn, thus creating an atmosphere of achievement together.

Role Play
Role play is a kind of game in its motion that there are goals, rules and edutainment.
In Lesson plan, students are conditioned on circumstances beyond the classroom, even when the learning happens in the classroom. apart from that role playing is often intended as a form of activity where learning imagines himself as outside the classroom and playing the role of someone else.

The Advantages and Disadvantages of ADDIE
Disadvantages and Advantages of Design ADDIE model is as follows: 1. The advantages of this model is simple and easy to learn as well as a systematic structure.
As we know that the ADDIE Model consists of five interrelated components in a systematic and structured.
2. Disadvantages of this design model is the analysis phase takes a long time. In this analysis stage design educator is expected to analyze the two components of the first students to divide into two, namely the analysis and performance analysis needs.
This study is aimed to yield a product that can be used to teach speaking therefore; some research question is set in the following.
Is the English Learning Material Development for Speaking skill based on ADDIE effective to be used in Learning Process ?

METHOD
The type of research that was conducted by the researcher is developmental research.
This essence of this research is on the basis of Educational Research and Development (Gall, Gall, & Borg, 2003). The research is not mean to generate a theory or verify one. It attempts to develop English learning material for speaking skill for ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation) as cited in Miftahul (2013)

Product Design
This prototype was designed based on ADDIE especially for speaking skill. It is gotten by analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation.

Research Subject
The subjects of this research are the student of State Junior High School 5 Metro. It is gotten by simple random sampling. It is chosen randomly without using specific criterion.

Types of Data
In this research the researcher uses Observation, checklist and tryout to get the data.
Beside, questionnaire is helped to know student response of development material first is readability instrument and second is implementability instrument.

Readability Instrument.
The meaning of readability was the texts are easy to understand and easy to remember. Usually it is related with vocabulary, content of the text, and illustration (picture), and attractiveness, so the reader enjoy when they read the text.

Implementability Instrument.
Implementability was used to measure how far the product of the evaluation can be applied. Usually there are some indicator to measure it like : simplicity of the level, the instructions are give clearly and orderly and ability to explore student knowledge.

Data Collecting Instrument
Instrument was a tool to get the data in the research. The researchers used several instruments to obtain the data. They are observation, checklists and try out test. Observations was done by finding the needs of students by the interviewing teachers. Checklist provided to the expert validation. The test was given to students in 7th grade SMP N5 Metro as a try out at random subject.
In relation to the objectives of the study, the researcher employed test of speaking to get the data needed. The test has designed to measure the effect of specific teaching. The speaking test orally or performances, in which students were asked to, given the topic and they expression with friends. Beside, questionnaire is helped to know student response of development material.
Based on the concept definition of students speaking skill, the researcher do the test by using instrument which has been determined. The researcher used experts' opinion, in order to repair material of ADDIE. There is one kinds of questionnaires is readability and implementability. Readability would be used to measure the sightings and attractiveness of the material itself. Otherwise, implement ability applied to measure the level of the material is too difficult, too easy or mediocrity and whether the evaluation was suitable with standard competence or not. In conclusion to get the data the researcher use the one main instruments, they are readability and implementability.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
This research was conducted at 7th grade students of SMP N 5 Metro. The researcher choose one class as subject as this is R and D project on the basis of  and Gall, Gall, & Borg (2003).

The Result of Need Analysis
As the researcher stated in chapter three, need analysis is involved in collecting information that will serve as the basis for developing material that meet the needs of the students. We define the need analysis based on Alwright (1994) the Needs, Wants, and Lack. We get the need analysis by doing observation in the class.
While observing, the researcher found that they need adequate speaking materials, which often they use in their daily activities. "SCAFFOLDING" book that they use on the speaking of each topic. The students want to have more interesting material, in the manual form, so they do not feel bored in learning. For the lack, the student's hard to expression of speaking, In constructing the material, the researcher makes it from the most frequently used words related to the topic. Researcher used pictures to enjoy their learning in the class and simple material and word so that the students easy to understand. These are the result of readability per indicator in the first product. The highest score was 74% in content and message and then the lowest score was 71% in the layout. Based on criteria of data analysis technique in the chapter one if the score could increase >=70% it mended that this research was success.

The Result of Interview
The researcher interviewed the English teacher of the Seventh grade. There are many aspects that are parsed in an interview researcher to teachers, such as competency, speaking skill for students' expression and way of teaching.
The student competence was seen when the teacher gave simple instructions, the student could not respond properly. The teacher give the material for students to increase their speaking skill, the students express with their friend about the topic their choose. After teacher explained the material being taught, then the teacher told the students to do exercises On evaluation, the teacher assessed the student by looking at the results of their practices, the work per group. About the time and the students, the teacher only have 2 hours per week in class C and the students very noisy when the students explain the material so the teacher must be patient about the condition, this is not enough time to teach the student effectively.
Also the number of students per class is 30; it brings a lot of problems. This makes the situation is not conducive, teachers must think hard in order to attract the attention of students to build a good condition. The media used so far only book not full picture and difficult of instruction. If we use something different like full of picture and good word choice in material, it may be able to make students more interested to learn English.

The Design Instructional of Specification
Researcher make a new look of the material used many pictures and good word choice for the material that used the students learning process to increase their speaking skill ability. The researcher used role-play technique in this material. In this technique, the students work in group with their friends. After that students choose one topic that gave from the teacher in the lay out. Students must discuss and express the topic with their friends. The teacher give the score for the students used rubric scoring of speaking skill.

The Development Material in the Product
As it can be seen from the result of need analysis, the researcher began to compose the material using lay out that interesting for students. Researcher can develop a book with his own material. The use of teacher " SCAFFOLDING Grade VII " course book for teaching students, so that researcher will develop the interaction and image. The product is introduction, introduction itself and introduction others. Speaking section there will be a material and some topics for student chosen to perform or express. The next is about Introduction, the student will be showed the topic of introduction with its picture. It can be seen in appendix.

The Result of Expert Validation
After the sample of material had been developed, the sample was given to the expert to be validated. There were two experts who validated this product. Researcher chose lecture, University of Muhammadiyah Metro is the first Mr. Refa'I,S.Pd, M.Pd, and the second is Mr.
Syaefudin Latif, S.Pd, M.Pd as evaluators who take validation. The researcher has provided a checklist for them. Then they scored it, so we get comments and suggestions to improve the material well. This checklist consists of several components; pull, needs, mechanics, content and originality. Pull evaluate the performance presentation including font, color, graphics, images, and other requirements mean anything it needs are met and exceeded. Mechanic category includes evaluation of spelling and grammatical errors. Content is to evaluate whether the product cover topics in depth with details and examples or not and also knowledge of the subject. Category originality is to evaluate product ideas and creativity..
Based on the checklist of courseware evaluation, there are five indicators which is used for the evaluation. First, the students are able to express the dialogue using correct grammar. Second, the students are able to express the dialogue in good pronunciation. Third, the students are able to express the dialogue comprehensively. Four, the students are able to express the dialogue using right vocabulary. Five, the students' are able to express the dialogue fluently. The Aspect are indicator achievement, material/question property, clarity of direction (picture, lay out, word choice and etc). The result of the validation for each component is valid. It can be seen in appendix.

The Result of Development Validation
As it can be seen from the result of expert validation, the researcher should revise and develop more. The revision was from five indicators. Those were grammar, pronunciation, comprehensively, vocabularies and fluently. And three aspects, those are indicator achievement, material/question property, clarity of direction (picture, lay out, word choice and etc.) On the basis of the criteria above, the decision made to item of instrument from the expert that (1) sufficiency will be rejected. The decision material to item of instrument that (2) less sufficiency and (3) enough sufficiency will be acceptable but get the revision. The decision material item of instrument (4) sufficiency and (5) very sufficiency will be acceptable without revision. Based on the result of validation sheet from the two expert above, average all of the instruments get validation are 4 from validator 1 and 4,2 from validator 2 total 4,1. So, it is known that the instruments are valid in the note of 'sufficiency' and can be used in the research.
The preview of the new development after the expert of validation. It can be seen in appendix as well.

Implementation
In implementation the students can be approachable of score that gave. The researcher decided to the students have good competition and good skill especially in speaking. Here, the students look very interesting to the material. The researcher give motivation of learning process from the students about the material product that their can do it and can increase their skill especially in speaking with this material. The students do the exercise based on the given example from the teacher. It is form of topic of dialogue and thus the students can choose one topic and then the students discuss with their friends in group and or work together. After that they must show their understanding about the material and henceforth the students can express the dialogue in front of their friends.

Evaluation
Evaluation is process to know about the material in the learning process that make good faithful or no. The process of evaluation passes through several stages;

One-To-One
The researcher also utilizes two students for one-to-one step. The first expert review said that the material product is good enough and it help the student to increase their speaking ability and second expert suggested to adding the indicator, some question. From one-to-one step, both of the students accept the material product. Based on the statement above, it can conclude that the researcher revised the material product by adding the purpose of indicator and some question. The researcher also adding the explanation about some of example dialogue in introduction and advertisement.

Small Group
Upon completing this this step, the researcher found the weakness of the material product. There is not any example of dialogue in introduction, giving information. Besides, the researcher found some mistakes about some question and on page.
The decision of material to item of instrument from the students that (1) sufficiency will be rejected. The decision material to item of instrument that (2) less sufficiency and (3) enough sufficiency will be acceptable but get the revision. The decision material item of instrument (4) sufficiency and (5) very sufficiency will be acceptable without revision. Based on the result of validation sheet from the two expert above, average all of the instruments get validation is 3,83. So, it is known that the instruments are valid in the note of 'enough sufficiency' and can be used in the research.

The Result of Try Out
After developing more the product, the researcher tried it out to 25 student of seventh grade in SMP N 5 Metro who was taken randomly by the English teacher.
After doing the try out, the researcher tried to talk with each of them. It was just to know their feeling and comment after trying the product. All of 25-students said that they felt happy.
One of them said that he really wanted to learn English using such kinds of this product.
Some of them said that they were little difficult of instruction the material, because some student didn't have enough vocabulary. That would be suggestion for the researcher to present some tutorial to used it before the students use it.

The Revision
It could not be denied that the researcher still found some revision from the experts. It is expected that the final product in the form of speaking skill Based on ADDIE using role play technique could be applied to the seventh grade students of SMP N 5 Metro so that students can improve their speaking skill better than before.

The Final Product
After passing those phases, development, expert validation, second development, , implementation, evaluation, try out, and the last revision, the final product has been ready to be applied to the seventh grade student of SMP N 5 Metro. The product is material for speaking skill Based on ADDIE.

Conclusion
The result of developing vocabulary material is in the form of multimedia power point presentation. Need Analysis, Design, Development, Expert Validation, Try Out, Revision, and Final Product.
In need analysis, the researcher gets information that the students cannot respond to the teacher's instructions. It is required to develop materials that can make the students speaking skill. In developing the material, the researcher uses material of Introduction.
There are five indicators which are used by expert; grammar, pronunciation, comprehensively, vocabularies and fluently. The result shows that there are some parts that should be revised such as simplify navigation, add activities for game and exercise, from the result of reliability try out speaking test. From the calculation of Spearman brown formula above, it is gotten ri=0,94.

Suggestion
Considering the result above, the researcher may give some suggestions to the teacher, and students that this product could be applied especially for the seventh grade student of Junior High School. For the teachers, this product can help them in combining the way in teaching English with other ways.
As for the students, this product offers new thing in learning English especially speaking skill. Using this model may improve their quality in speaking.
It is addressed for the readers as well, the result of this research may motivate them to develop it into another method to make students enjoy the learning ending with good ability in speaking.
The last for further research, this product may also be taken into an action research to find out the effect of implementing this product in speaking in learning process. Lastly, it can be beneficial for the other researchers assuming that it might be inspirations to develop the material more in another way. Her interest is on speaking and reading skill. Her corresponding email: