STRATEGY IN WRITING IN CONSTRUCTING PARAGRAPH IN THE ESSAY AT UKI TORAJA by

All the sentences in a paragraph should be organized well to support the main idea which is stated in one sentence called topic sentence. In fact, the sixth semesters students of English Department of Christian University of Indonesia Toraja can write an essay but the paragraph in the essay sometime still far from a good paragraph. It is still difficult for students to construct a good paragraph. This is caused by the lack of skill in constructing paragraph. The objective of this research is to produce teaching writing strategy based on the identified errors by Satayatam and Pongrat criteria (2008). This research is designed as quantitative descriptive research. The result of the analysis shows that using outline is the strategy developed based on the result.


INTRODUCTION
We cannot deny that many people are good at speaking English, but only a few of them are good at writing. Writing skill is more important nowadays. The researcher realizes that it is important to improve students' skill in writing. Most of writings are in the form of paragraphs as (Boardman &Frydenberg's 2008, p.3) opinion that students who want to study in a college or university need to learn how to write a paragraph because all other

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Premise Journal Vo. 7 No 2 October 2018, e-ISSN: 2442-482x, p-ISSN: 2089 Copyright@2018 by PJEE 35 types of academic writing, such as essays, reports, compositions and research papers, are based on the paragraph, a group of sentences that develop one topic or idea (Kocaeli University 2015, p. 2). Students' skill in writing good paragraphs needs more attention.In terms of ESL and EFL instruction, writing helps students learn (Sattayatham andRatanapinyowong 2008,p.19). First, writing reinforces the grammatical structures, idioms, and vocabulary that they were taught to students. Second, when the students write, they also have a chance to be adventurous with the language, to go beyond what they have just learned to say, to take risks. Third, when they write, they necessarily become involved with the new language; the effort to express ideas and the constant use of eyes, hand, and brain is a unique way to reinforce learning. But sometimes students struggle with what to put down next or how to put it down on paper. That is because writing is a complex activity (Penuelas 2012, p. 78, Alves 2008.At the same time, they possibly make errors in their writing. Futhermore. Rajatanum in Khansir, et al (2013) said that a paragraph is a unit of writing, which expresses one central idea or main idea (Adelaide.edu.au 2014, p. 1) and consist of two kinds of sentences: a topic sentence and a number of supporting statements.
From the preliminary research showed that the sixth semester students of UKI Toraja encounter problems relating to building up paragraphs that are parts of longer pieces of writing. There are four types of paragraph errors; error in paragraph unity, error in paragraph development, error in paragraph coherence, and error in paragraph consistency in point of view (Arrang, 2017). Errors have become the biggest headache to all sides that are involved: learners, teachers, raters, or any other readers (Liu ang Wang 2011, p. 584).Based on the explanation above this research is intended to be conducted to find out the teaching writing strategy that can be developed based on the identified errors.

Design
This research is designed as quantitative research. Descriptive research determines and describes the way things are (Gay 2006, p. 159). He further explains that descriptive

Participant
The population of this research was the sixth semester students of English department of Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of Christian University of Indonesia Toraja. The cluster sampling technique was used to choose two groups. The purpose of choosing two groups is that this research applied quasi experimental, so one group was treated as experimental group (18 students) and the other one as control group (16 students).

Data and Source of Data
The data for this research was taken from the writer's previous study about the paragraph errors made by the sixth semester students at UKI Toraja (Arrang,2017), and the data after giving the students post testalso some library sources.

Data Collecting Technique
The students from control class treated with reading at home and free writing. In other hand, the students from experimental class also was given making outline strategy.
After six times treatment the samples were given a written test. They were required to write essays based on the chosen topic after giving them treatment. The researcher provided two topics, and the students could choose on topic that they liked best.

Data Analysis Technique
Then to measure the significance of using the developed teaching writing strategy, the researcher used t-test. This was taken after all of the students' answer sheets were scored by grading system from zero to 100 point. The score was then put in the table of data score using interval model. It was then calculated by statistical calculation to know the result of t-test.   in the post test of the control group is error in paragraph unity.

Discussion
From the finding above we can conclude that after giving the treatment for both groups there was no student who got error in EPC and EPV. But further the researcher had to test whether those strategies are effective or not. It can be shown by the figure below from t-test between control and experiment group:  This research provided two strategies to treat the students. They were reading and free writing to control group. Wells in Brizee (2009) stated that those strategies to improve students' writing skills but it is opposite with the result of this study. Furthermore, making outline to experimental group was treated to experimental group.According to Houge(1995,p.34), outline is a plan for writing assignment. That means before you write,

Conclusion
There are two major problems that students encounter in writing paragraphs that are parts of essays. They are error in paragraph unity and error in paragraph development.
Making list and using outline are proper teaching writing strategy developed to help students reduce error in paragraph unity and error in paragraph development. Using outline is effective used to develop students' writing skill.
Because writing a single paragraph that stands alone is not as simple as writing a paragraph that is a part from a longer piece of writing, it is suggested to the teacher to apply the strategy of making a list and outline in teaching writing. Special for the students, in order to avoid the errors in writing a longer piece of writing it is important to do these techniques first. For further researcher in the same field, other research should be conducted to reduce the other two paragraph errors.
The result of this study can be benefit for teaching and learning English especially in teaching writing. The lecturer can apply the strategy to teach students how to make a good paragraph in essay. And that strategy is making outline.